Профессиональный рак: глобальное бремя, основные канцерогены, проблемы диагностики и перспективы профилактики

Профессиональный рак является одной из наиболее значимых проблем современной медицины труда и общественного здравоохранения. В статье обобщены современные данные о глобальном бремени профессионально обусловленных злокачественных новообразований, основных производственных канцерогенах, особенностях профессионального рака органов дыхания и международном опыте регистрации. Особое внимание уделено работникам горнодобывающей промышленности и проблеме недоучета профессионального рака в Казахстане. Рассмотрены критерии установления связи заболевания с профессией, латентные периоды, роль оксидативного стресса, иммунологических нарушений и молекулярных биомаркеров. Обоснована необходимость создания национального регистра профессионального рака и внедрения риск-ориентированного мониторинга работников канцерогенно опасных производств.

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