Kazakhstan's higher medical education system has been transitioning toward competency-based learning models that emphasize integration between theoretical instruction and workplace practice. Dual education, which combines academic coursework with structured training at professional sites, represents a promising strategy for developing practical competencies in Public Health programs. However, systematic evaluation of its implementation in medical universities remains limited.

In a 180-day experiment on 120 Wistar rats, the effects of isolated exposure to vibration, noise (81.5–85.3 dBA), and a 4-component mixture of hydrocarbons (1.5 MAC) were studied. It was found that prolonged exposure to these factors at a level of 1.5 MAC/POC leads to accelerated aging, manifested by a significant shortening of telomeres, polymorphic pathological changes in two or more internal organs, reduced behavioral activity, and external signs of senility. The results confirm the role of occupational factors as inducers of premature aging and justify the need to strengthen preventive measures for workers operating under such conditions.

The study demonstrated a statistically significant association between increasing ambient temperature, air pollution levels, and adverse public health indicators in an industrial region of Kazakhstan. Climate change enhances the negative impact of anthropogenic factors and requires integrated preventive strategies in occupational and environmental health.

In recent years, quality of life has been considered an important integral indicator in patients with chronic occupational diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life of miners with combined occupational pathology, including chronic lumbar radiculopathy and vibration disease. The results demonstrated a significant decrease in quality of life in patients with combined pathology, mainly due to chronic pain and psycho-emotional disorders, highlighting the need for a comprehensive rehabilitation approach.

A comprehensive overview of modern methods for diagnosing thoracalgia is presented, ranging from traditional radiological examinations to innovative neuroimaging techniques. The article emphasizes the importance of early and accurate diagnosis for determining the etiology of pain and selecting optimal treatment strategies.

Particular attention is given to somatosensory evoked potentials and multimodal neurophysiological monitoring, which make it possible to detect disturbances in nerve impulse conduction and help prevent damage to neural structures during surgical procedures.

The prospects of using neuroimaging techniques are also discussed, including functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. These approaches allow the identification of pain biomarkers and contribute to the development of personalized treatment strategies.

The article represents a valuable resource for physicians and researchers involved in the diagnosis and treatment of thoracalgia and highlights the importance of a comprehensive approach that combines traditional and innovative methods to achieve the best outcomes in the management of patients with this common condition.